Hierarchical modulation, also known as layered modulation, is a technique that embeds multiple data streams of differing priority within a single carrier waveform. By allocating distinct amplitude and ...

Modulation is the process of converting data into radio waves by adding information to an electronic or optical carrier signal. A carrier signal is one with a steady waveform (a constant amplitude and ...

Handsets employing 3G wireless, and beyond, are expected to have a large number of new features and functions, such as MPEG-4 video and audio. These compute-intensive tasks place major demands on ...

Index modulation techniques represent a paradigm shift in wireless communications by embedding information not only in conventional amplitude and phase symbols but also in the selection of ...