Historically, subspecialists have often depended on objective diagnostic tests in the initial management of disease processes (ie, gastroenterologists would use a test such as endoscopy to diagnose ...

Endoscopy can be used along with other tests to confirm a diagnosis of cirrhosis and help a doctor decide what treatments might be best. An endoscopy is done by inserting a thin, lighted tube with a ...

A. When doctors talk about an endoscopy, they are usually talking about two procedures: colonoscopy and upper endoscopy. Most people are more familiar with a colonoscopy, which is typically done to ...

The diagnosis of GERD should, in most circumstances, be made on the basis of the presentation of a patient with typical symptoms of heartburn and/or regurgitation. [1] Using esophageal pH monitoring ...