Copper plating has been extensively employed in the fabrication of embedded packaging to reach high-density, high-speed, high performance electronic products. With through holes (TH) as well as blind ...

Researchers at the University of New South Wales have used a 1 µm copper plating layer on the front silver grid of a TOPCon solar cell to create a protective barrier that reportedly reduces corrosion ...

As the PV industry scales to annual terawatt-level production to rapidly curtail the world’s emissions, it will become more challenging to continue the cost reduction trajectory. Increasing module ...

Electroplating intermediates refer to a class of fine chemicals used as electroplating additives. Unlike the salt used in the plating production process, the electroplating intermediate is an additive ...

Many large utility-scale units with copper alloy condensers and feedwater heaters lose generating capacity when copper and copper oxide deposits develop on high-pressure (HP) steam turbine blading. It ...

Typically, dc power supplies provide a well-regulated current or voltage level that is preset and then the supply turned on and off as needed. This is the typical function of a power supply in an ...